{"id":568,"date":"2007-10-25T13:46:00","date_gmt":"2007-10-25T11:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/?p=568"},"modified":"2025-10-28T15:26:06","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T14:26:06","slug":"studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/","title":{"rendered":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-columns-09711f80\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-columns has-2-columns has-desktop-twoOne-layout has-tablet-equal-layout has-mobile-collapsedRows-layout has-vertical-unset\"><div class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-columns-overlay\"><\/div><div class=\"innerblocks-wrap\">\n<div id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column-e7183572\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the perspective of studying dipole-dipole interactions in quantum degenerate Bose and Fermi gases, we have built an experimental setup for cooling and trapping Chromium (Cr) atoms. In this respect, one needs to use appropriate technological solution, such as a high-temperature oven (T = 1500 C) and a laser system providing high laser power at 425 nm. Our experiments allow us to obtain magneto-optical traps for the two main isotopes of Cr (i.e., the bosonic <sup>52<\/sup>Cr and the fermionic <sup>53<\/sup>Cr). These traps are characterized by large light-assisted collisional loss rates, which have been studied both experimentally and theoretically. The existence of radiative decay channels towards two long-lived metastable states allows the magnetic trapping and accumulation of fairly large atom numbers of cold Cr atoms. We have studied the possibility of modifying the shape of these traps with the use of RF magnetic fields, which allowed the study of collisional properties of Cr atoms in the metastable states. Finally, we have demonstrated a new continuous loading technique of an optical dipole trap with more than one million metastable <sup>52<\/sup>Cr atoms, at 100 \u00b5K. The transfer into the ground state and the polarization in the lowest-energy Zeeman sublevel opens the perspective for reaching the Bose-Einstein condensation of Cr through evaporative cooling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-995f960e wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-c650293a-aeec-4eab-a498-71c9f8ecd108\" href=\"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/2007-Thesis-Radu-Chicireanu.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2007 &#8211; Thesis &#8211; Radu Chicireanu<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/2007-Thesis-Radu-Chicireanu.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-c650293a-aeec-4eab-a498-71c9f8ecd108\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theses.hal.science\/tel-00288354v1\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/theses.hal.science\/tel-01225113v2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Link to HAL<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column-4bfc9d1b\" class=\"wp-block-themeisle-blocks-advanced-column\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Soutenance de th\u00e8se de Radu Chicireanu<\/em><br><strong>Date:<\/strong> Jeudi 25 Octobre 2007<br><strong>Location:<\/strong> Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, 99 av. J.B. Cl\u00e9ment 93430 Villetaneuse France<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chromium, laser cooling, magnetic trapping, optical trapping, cold collisions, vaporative cooling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jury:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tilman Pfau (President)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jean Dalibard (Referee)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Christoph Westbrook (Referee)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Christian Chardonnet (Examiner)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bruno Laburthe-Tolra (Co-Supervisor)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Olivier Gorceix (Supervisor)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">French version:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9change de spin et dynamique d\u2019aimantation d\u2019un gaz quantique dipolaire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans la perspective d&#8217;\u00e9tudier les interactions dipolaires dans des gaz de bosons et de fermions d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s, nous avons mis en place un dispositif exp\u00e9rimental pour refroidir et pi\u00e9ger les atomes de chrome (Cr). Il faut pour cela recourir \u00e0 des solutions technologiques particuli\u00e8res, comme l&#8217;utilisation d&#8217;un four \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature (~1500\u00b0C) et d&#8217;un dispositif laser d\u00e9livrant une puissance lumineuse \u00e9lev\u00e9e \u00e0 425 nm. Nos exp\u00e9riences permettent d&#8217;obtenir des pi\u00e8ges magn\u00e9to-optiques pour les deux isotopes majoritaires du Cr (le <sup>52<\/sup>Cr bosonique et le <sup>53<\/sup>Cr fermionique). Ces pi\u00e8ges sont caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par de forts taux de collisions in\u00e9lastiques assist\u00e9es par la lumi\u00e8re, que nous avons \u00e9tudi\u00e9 exp\u00e9rimentalement et th\u00e9oriquement. La pr\u00e9sence de fuites vers des \u00e9tats m\u00e9tastables permet l&#8217;accumulation dans des pi\u00e8ges magn\u00e9tiques d&#8217;un nombre cons\u00e9quent d&#8217;atomes. Nous avons aussi \u00e9tudi\u00e9 la possibilit\u00e9 de modifier la forme de ces pi\u00e8ges, \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de champs RF. Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s collisionelles des \u00e9tats m\u00e9tastables sont \u00e9tudi\u00e9es en d\u00e9tail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Finalement, nous avons mis en oeuvre une nouvelle m\u00e9thode de chargement en continu d&#8217;un pi\u00e8ge optique avec plus d&#8217;un million d&#8217;atomes m\u00e9tastables de <sup>52<\/sup>Cr, \u00e0 100 \u00b5K. La polarisation des atomes de Cr dans l&#8217;\u00e9tat minimal en \u00e9nergie du niveau fondamental ouvre des perspectives pour atteindre la condensation de Bose-Einstein du chrome par refroidissement \u00e9vaporatif.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>French version: \u00c9change de spin et dynamique d\u2019aimantation d\u2019un gaz quantique dipolaire Dans la perspective d&#8217;\u00e9tudier les interactions dipolaires dans des gaz de bosons et de fermions d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s, nous avons mis en place un dispositif exp\u00e9rimental pour refroidir et pi\u00e9ger les atomes de chrome (Cr). Il faut pour cela recourir \u00e0 des solutions technologiques particuli\u00e8res, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[149],"class_list":["post-568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-phd-thesis","tag-radu-chicireanu"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"French version: \u00c9change de spin et dynamique d\u2019aimantation d\u2019un gaz quantique dipolaire Dans la perspective d&#8217;\u00e9tudier les interactions dipolaires dans des gaz de bosons et de fermions d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s, nous avons mis en place un dispositif exp\u00e9rimental pour refroidir et pi\u00e9ger les atomes de chrome (Cr). Il faut pour cela recourir \u00e0 des solutions technologiques particuli\u00e8res, [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Magnetic Quantum Gases\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Benjamin PASQUIOU\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Benjamin PASQUIOU\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Benjamin PASQUIOU\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/edd1441f419c30858a44ed007fc1fc79\"},\"headline\":\"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation\",\"datePublished\":\"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":546,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Radu Chicireanu\"],\"articleSection\":[\"PhD thesis\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/\",\"name\":\"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/2007\\\/10\\\/25\\\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Magnetic Quantum Gases\",\"description\":\"Explore quantum magnetism with ultra-cold atom gases.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Magnetic Quantum Gases\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/cropped-Condensation_512px.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/cropped-Condensation_512px.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Magnetic Quantum Gases\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/edd1441f419c30858a44ed007fc1fc79\",\"name\":\"Benjamin PASQUIOU\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Benjamin PASQUIOU\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/benjamin-pasquiou\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases","og_description":"French version: \u00c9change de spin et dynamique d\u2019aimantation d\u2019un gaz quantique dipolaire Dans la perspective d&#8217;\u00e9tudier les interactions dipolaires dans des gaz de bosons et de fermions d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s, nous avons mis en place un dispositif exp\u00e9rimental pour refroidir et pi\u00e9ger les atomes de chrome (Cr). Il faut pour cela recourir \u00e0 des solutions technologiques particuli\u00e8res, [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/","og_site_name":"Magnetic Quantum Gases","article_published_time":"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00","author":"Benjamin PASQUIOU","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Benjamin PASQUIOU","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/"},"author":{"name":"Benjamin PASQUIOU","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/edd1441f419c30858a44ed007fc1fc79"},"headline":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation","datePublished":"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/"},"wordCount":546,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#organization"},"keywords":["Radu Chicireanu"],"articleSection":["PhD thesis"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/","url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/","name":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation - Magnetic Quantum Gases","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2007-10-25T11:46:00+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-28T14:26:06+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/2007\/10\/25\/studies-of-cold-chromium-atoms-in-magnetic-and-optical-traps-steps-towards-bose-einstein-condensation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Studies of cold chromium atoms in magnetic and optical traps: steps towards Bose-Einstein condensation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/","name":"Magnetic Quantum Gases","description":"Explore quantum magnetism with ultra-cold atom gases.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#organization","name":"Magnetic Quantum Gases","url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cropped-Condensation_512px.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cropped-Condensation_512px.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Magnetic Quantum Gases"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/#\/schema\/person\/edd1441f419c30858a44ed007fc1fc79","name":"Benjamin PASQUIOU","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/f830cb90b39b89a47400329189c692407a76ff849fbc89ac7df353e712db23e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Benjamin PASQUIOU"},"url":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/author\/benjamin-pasquiou\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=568"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":881,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/568\/revisions\/881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gqm.lpl.univ-paris13.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}